回答: G7搞错了优先级？太平洋也隔不住日美的焦躁气～～ 由 民主不仅仅是价值观 于 2023-05-20 19:21

https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/05/20/g7-leaders-statement-on-economic-resilience-and-economic-security/ 6park.com
Fostering mutually beneficial partnerships and supporting resilient and sustainable value chains remains our priority to reduce risk both for our economies, as well as globally, and ensure sustainable development for all. Recent events have highlighted vulnerabilities in economies around the world to natural disasters, pandemics, geopolitical tensions and coercion. Recalling our commitment from the 2022 G7 Elmau Summit, we are taking additional steps today to enhance our ongoing strategic coordination on economic resilience and economic security by reducing vulnerabilities and countering malign practices that exploit and reinforce them. This complements the corresponding steps we are taking to enhance supply chain resilience as laid out in the G7 Clean Energy Economy Action Plan. We underline the importance of cooperating both within the G7 as well as with all our partners to enhance global economic resilience, including by supporting a more significant role for low and middle-income countries in supply chains in a way that also promotes their diversification and local value creation and benefits local workers and communities everywhere. We will address non-market policies and practices designed to reinforce dependencies, and will counter economic coercion. We will continue to ensure that the clearly defined, narrow set of sensitive technologies that are crucial for national security or could threaten international peace and security are appropriately controlled, without unduly impacting broader trade in technology. We affirm that our cooperation to strengthen economic resilience and economic security will be rooted in maintaining and improving a well-functioning international rules-based system, in particular the multilateral trading system with the WTO at its core. To these ends, we will work and coordinate through the G7 framework to make year-on-year progress in a holistic manner. 6park.com
Enhancing global economic resilience 6park.com
Building resilient supply chains 6park.com
The COVID-19 pandemic and Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine has laid bare vulnerabilities in supply chains in countries around the world. Supply chain disruptions have had devastating impact for developing, emerging, and advanced economies alike. We recognize that transparency, diversification, security, sustainability, and trustworthiness and reliability are essential principles on which to build and strengthen resilient supply-chain networks among trusted partner countries both within and outside the G7. We encourage all nations to support these principles on resilient and reliable supply chains. We reaffirm our strong will to support the wider international community, particularly developing countries, in building their resilience, including through implementing the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment. Our partnerships honor international law, are free and fair, and foster mutually beneficial economic and trade relationships. Drawing lessons from recent incidents of weaponizing energy and other economic dependencies, we stand firmly against such behavior. We will enhance resilient supply chains through partnerships around the world, especially for critical goods such as critical minerals, semiconductors and batteries. We will step up our efforts to strengthen channels of communication to address supply disruptions and share insights and best practices, including from respective scenario-based stress testing. 6park.com
Building resilient critical infrastructure 6park.com
We emphasize the importance of cooperating on enhancing security and resiliency in critical infrastructure particularly in the digital domain. We welcome projects that strengthen the resilience of the ICT ecosystem including mobile, satellite and core networks, submarine cables, components and cloud infrastructure. We support an innovative and competitive digital ecosystem of trustworthy vendors, welcome supplier diversification efforts, and continue to discuss market trends towards open, interoperable approaches, alongside secure, resilient and established architectures in a technology neutral way. Under the Japanese G7 Presidency and against the background of early deployments of Open RAN, we will continue to exchange views on open architectures and security-related aspects and opportunities. We support open, global, market-driven, and inclusive multi-stakeholder approaches for the development of technical standards for telecommunications equipment and services to enable openness and interoperability in a technology neutral way. We discussed that such infrastructure requires a rigorous evaluation of equipment, consistent with existing measures such as those outlined in the Prague Proposals, and the EU’s 5G toolbox. We reaffirm the need to assess political, economic, and other risks of a non-technical nature posed by vendors and suppliers. We will continue our work to build resilient critical infrastructure by sharing information and best practices gained through our respective efforts. 6park.com
Responding to harmful practices that undermine international rules and norms 6park.com
Responding to non-market policies and practices to secure global economic resilience 6park.com
We express renewed concerns about comprehensive strategies to use a range of non-market policies and practices such as pervasive, opaque, and harmful industrial subsidies, market distortive practices of state owned enterprises, and all forms of forced technology transfers, as well as other practices to create strategic dependencies and systemic vulnerabilities. Addressing non-market policies and practices can therefore be an integral aspect in enhancing economic resilience and thereby economic security. In light of increased use of non-market policies and practices to reinforce vulnerabilities, we reaffirm the need to make effective use of existing means while developing new tools as appropriate. We will continue to actively develop stronger international rules and norms to tackle non-market policies and practices that distort the level playing field, and strengthen efforts at the WTO to better address these issues. 6park.com
Addressing economic coercion 6park.com
The world has encountered a disturbing rise in incidents of economic coercion that seek to exploit economic vulnerabilities and dependencies and undermine the foreign and domestic policies and positions of G7 members as well as partners around the world. We will work together to ensure that attempts to weaponize economic dependencies by forcing G7 members and our partners including small economies to comply and conform will fail and face consequences. We express serious concern over economic coercion and call on all countries to refrain from its use, which not only undermines the functioning of and trust in the multilateral trading system, but also infringes upon the international order centered on respect for sovereignty and the rule of law, and ultimately undermines global security and stability. At our respective domestic levels, we will use our existing tools, review their effectiveness and develop new ones as needed to deter and counter the use of coercive economic measures. Recognizing the importance of existing joint efforts including at the WTO, we will enhance collaboration by launching the Coordination Platform on Economic Coercion to increase our collective assessment, preparedness, deterrence and response to economic coercion, and further promote cooperation with partners beyond the G7. Within this Coordination Platform, we will use early warning and rapid information sharing, regularly consult each other, collaboratively assess situations, explore coordinated responses, deter and, where appropriate, counter economic coercion, in accordance with our respective legal systems. We will also coordinate, as appropriate, to support targeted states, economies and entities as a demonstration of solidarity and resolve to uphold the rule of law. 6park.com
Countering harmful practices in the digital sphere 6park.com
We express concern about regulations that unjustifiably require companies to localize data or those that allow governments to access data without appropriate safeguards and protections. As a result of geopolitical and geo-economic upheavals, global business value and supply chains, especially those of our critical infrastructure, are exposed to risks. We will therefore deepen our strategic dialogue to seek to counter malicious practices in the digital sphere to protect global value and supply chains from illegitimate influence, espionage, illicit knowledge leakage, and sabotage. 6park.com
Cooperating on international standards setting 6park.com
We recognize the importance of technical standards in the global economy and reaffirm our commitment to collectively support the development of open, voluntary and consensus-based standards that will shape the next generation of technology. These should be based on inclusive multi-stakeholder approaches in line with our common democratic values and principles. Reflecting on shared values and principles, we will identify and address issues related to international standards setting, where they arise, through information sharing and engagement in the established standards setting processes. We will deepen our cooperation through information sharing including with wider public and private stakeholders in international standards setting activities, and support effective standards setting. To this end, we reaffirm our continued collaboration including through the Framework for G7 Collaboration on Digital Technical Standards. 6park.com
Addressing shared concerns regarding threats to international peace and security 6park.com
Protecting international peace and security by preventing leakage of critical and emerging technologies 6park.com
As we deepen research and development among G7 partners on critical and emerging technologies, we affirm our shared responsibility and determination to coordinate on preventing the cutting-edge technologies we develop from being used to further military capabilities that threaten international peace and security. To that end, we will share, as appropriate, information and experiences to further develop common understanding of such risks and the policy tools needed to address them, and take further actions where necessary, including those related to export and investment, corresponding to the circumstances of each country. We will further strengthen multilateral efforts to cooperate in the field of export controls to ensure gaps in our dual use technology protection ecosystem cannot be exploited. We have a common interest in preventing the narrow set of technological advances that are assessed to be core to enhancing the military and intelligence capabilities of actors who may use these capabilities to undermine international peace and security, from being fueled by our companies’ capital, expertise, and knowledge. We recognize that appropriate measures designed to address risks from outbound investment could be important to complement existing tools of targeted controls on exports and inbound investments, which work together to protect our sensitive technologies from being used in ways that threaten international peace and security. As we continue to work to make our economic security toolkits fit for today’s challenges, we will provide clarity to the private sector regarding these common goals. We will also continue to coordinate, share lessons, and seek to align our approaches where feasible to maximize the effectiveness of our efforts. 6park.com
促进互惠互利的伙伴关系并支持有弹性和可持续的价值链仍然是我们的首要任务，以降低我们经济乃至全球的风险，并确保所有人的可持续发展。 最近的事件凸显了世界各地的经济体在自然灾害、流行病、地缘政治紧张局势和胁迫面前的脆弱性。 回顾我们在 2022 年 G7 Elmau 峰会上的承诺，我们今天将采取更多措施，通过减少脆弱性并打击利用和加强它们的恶意行为，加强我们在经济弹性和经济安全方面的持续战略协调。 这补充了我们正在采取的相应步骤，以增强 G7 清洁能源经济行动计划中规定的供应链弹性。 我们强调在 G7 内部以及与我们所有伙伴合作以增强全球经济弹性的重要性，包括支持低收入和中等收入国家在供应链中发挥更重要的作用，同时促进它们的多元化和本地化 创造价值并造福于各地的当地工人和社区。 我们将解决旨在加强依赖性的非市场政策和做法，并将对抗经济胁迫。 我们将继续确保适当控制对国家安全至关重要或可能威胁国际和平与安全的明确界定的范围狭窄的敏感技术，而不会对更广泛的技术贸易产生不当影响。 我们确认，我们加强经济韧性和经济安全的合作将根植于维护和完善一个运作良好的基于规则的国际体系，特别是以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体系。 为此，我们将通过七国集团框架开展工作和协调，统筹推进。 6park.com
增强全球经济韧性 6park.com
建立有弹性的供应链 6park.com
COVID-19 大流行和俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略战争暴露了世界各国供应链的脆弱性。 供应链中断对发展中经济体、新兴经济体和发达经济体都产生了毁灭性影响。 我们认识到，透明度、多元化、安全性、可持续性、可信度和可靠性是在 G7 内外值得信赖的伙伴国家之间建立和加强弹性供应链网络的基本原则。 我们鼓励所有国家支持这些关于弹性和可靠供应链的原则。 我们重申，我们坚定地支持更广泛的国际社会，特别是发展中国家，建立他们的复原力，包括通过实施全球基础设施和投资伙伴关系。 我们的伙伴关系尊重国际法，是自由和公平的，并促进互惠互利的经济和贸易关系。 从最近将能源和其他经济依赖武器化的事件中吸取教训，我们坚决反对这种行为。 我们将通过全球范围内的合作伙伴关系加强有弹性的供应链，尤其是关键矿产、半导体和电池等关键商品。 我们将加紧努力，加强沟通渠道，以解决供应中断问题，并分享见解和最佳实践，包括来自各自基于情景的压力测试。 6park.com
建设有弹性的关键基础设施 6park.com
我们强调合作加强关键基础设施的安全性和弹性的重要性，尤其是在数字领域。 我们欢迎加强 ICT 生态系统弹性的项目，包括移动、卫星和核心网络、海底电缆、组件和云基础设施。 我们支持由可信赖的供应商组成的创新和有竞争力的数字生态系统，欢迎供应商多元化努力，并继续讨论市场趋势，以实现开放、可互操作的方法，以及以技术中立的方式建立安全、有弹性和成熟的架构。 在日本担任 G7 主席国期间，在 Open RAN 早期部署的背景下，我们将继续就开放架构和安全相关方面和机会交换意见。 我们支持开放的、全球性的、市场驱动的和包容性的多方利益相关方方法来制定电信设备和服务的技术标准，以技术中立的方式实现开放性和互操作性。 我们讨论了此类基础设施需要对设备进行严格评估，并与布拉格提案和欧盟 5G 工具箱中概述的现有措施保持一致。 我们重申有必要评估供应商和供应商带来的政治、经济和其他非技术性风险。 我们将继续努力，通过分享我们各自获得的信息和最佳实践来构建有弹性的关键基础设施